Coast Guard:
Role[edit]
Among the responsibilities that may be entrusted to a coast guard service are:
- search and rescue,
- enforcement of maritime law,
- safety of vessels,
- maintenance of seamarks, and
- border control.
China[edit]
Main article: Chinese Coast Guard
The Peoples Republic of China used to operate several coast guard agencies. In March 2013, China announced it would combine the assets of four separate maritime law enforcement agencies to form a unified Coast Guard, administrated by the State Oceanic Administration[9] The new Coast Guard has been in operation since July 2013.[10]
The current China Coast Guard (Simplified Chinese: 中国海警) serves as a coordinating body for maritime search and rescue in the territorial waters of the People's Republic of China. The China Coast Guard was previously a maritime branch of the Public Security Border Troops, a paramilitary police force under the leadership of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). Since 2013, it is administered by the State Oceanic Administration.
India[edit]
Main article: Indian Coast Guard
In the Republic of India, the Indian Coast Guard is armed forces of union, under ministry of defence and, in contrast with some coast guard units, resembles a naval coastal defence force. It has responsibility for search and rescue, enforcement of maritime law- smuggling, immigration and shipping regulations- and protecting the country's maritime and offshore resources[13]
Japan[edit]
Main article: Japan Coast Guard
In Japan, the Japan Coast Guard is under the oversight of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and is responsible for the protection the coast-lines and islands of Japan.
South Korea[edit]
Main article: Republic of Korea Coast Guard
The Korea Coast Guard (Korean: 해양경찰청; Hanja: 海洋警察廳, Revised Romanization: Haeyang-gyeongchal-cheong, Maritime Police Agency) is responsible for maritime safety and control off the coast of the Republic of Korea/South Korea. The KCG is an external branch of the R.O.K.'s Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries during peacetime.
Malaysia[edit]
In the Malaysia, the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA) or Royal Malaysian Coast Guard is part of the Malaysian Civil Service and is under the Prime Minister's Department. The Agency is headed by a[Director General] who is appointed by the Yang Di Pertuan Agong (King) on the advice of the Prime Minister while other personnel are appointed by the Public Service Commission. In times of war, crisis or emergency, the Agency may be placed under the command of the Royal Malaysian Armed Forces. It was formed to combat the rise of piracy in the Strait of Malacca ("The Straits"). Personnel often work very closely with the Royal Malaysian Navy and Royal Malaysian Air Force. The Coast Guard operates a Special Forces Commando or STAR (Special Weapons and Tactics) unit, which was absorbed from the Navy's PASKAL and Air Force's PASKAU. The agency utilizes its resources in a maritime law enforcement and search and rescue capacity.[15]
Taiwan (Republic of China)[edit]
Main article: Coast Guard Administration (Taiwan)
In the Republic of China government, on the island of Taiwan, the Coast Guard Administration (Republic of China), [ROCCGA] is both a military and a law enforcement organization. The ROCCGA is considered a civilian law enforcement agency under the administration of the Executive Yuan, though during wartime it may be incorporated as part of the ROC military. Its primary roles are in ensuring the safety and security of the Republic/island's waters and coordinating search and rescue efforts.[24]
ROCCGA is instituted a Maritime Patrol Directorate General and a Coast Patrol Directorate General. Officers of the Maritime Patrol Directorate General are law executors, but officers of the Coast Patrol Directorate General are considered soldiers who have partial law-enforcement power.
United States[edit]
Main article: United States Coast Guard
Established in 1790, the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) is both a military and a law enforcement service. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and one of the five services of the United States Armed Forces. Its role includes enforcement of U.S. maritime law, coastal defense, and search and rescue.[28]
During peacetime the USCG falls under the administration of the United States Department of Homeland Security (before 2002, the USCG was under the administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation). During wartime, the USCG may, at the direction of the President of the United States, report to the Secretary of the Navy; its resources, however, are integrated into U.S. military operations in wartime (see 14 U.S.C. §§ 3–4).
No comments:
Post a Comment